WTS database

Title	Pub Year Sort ascending	Author	SearchLink
Group Waterpipe Tobacco Smoking Increases Smoke Toxicant Concentration	2016	Center for the Study of Tobacco Products, Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA;; Center for the Study of Tobacco Products, Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA; Department of Mechanic	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form May Volume 18 Issue 5 Start Page 770 Other Pages 776 Notes LR: 20160701; CI: (c) The Author 2015; GR: P50 DA036105/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: P50DA036105/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 CA120142/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01CA120142/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; JID: 9815751; 2015/07/24 [re Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1469-994X; 1462-2203 Accession Number PMID: 26659913 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; IM DOI 10.1093/ntr/ntv271 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26659913 Abstract INTRODUCTION: Waterpipe tobacco smoking is a global health concern. Laboratory research has focused on individual waterpipe users while group use is common. This study examined user toxicant exposure and smoke toxicant yield associated with individual and group waterpipe smoking. METHODS: Twenty-two pairs of waterpipe smokers used a waterpipe individually and as a dyad. Before and after smoking, blood was sampled and expired carbon monoxide (CO) measured; puff topography was recorded throughout. One participant from each pair was selected randomly and their plasma nicotine and expired air CO concentrations were compared when smoking alone to when smoking as part of a dyad. Recorded puff topography was used to machine-produce smoke that was analyzed for toxicant content. RESULTS: There was no difference in mean plasma nicotine concentration when an individual smoked as part of a dyad (mean = 14.9 ng/ml; standard error of the mean [SEM] = 3.0) compared to when smoking alone (mean = 10.0 ng/ml; SEM = 1.5). An individual smoking as part of as a dyad had, on average, lower CO (mean = 15.8 ppm; SEM = 2.0) compared to when smoking alone (mean= 21.3 ppm; SEM = 2.7). When two participants smoked as a dyad they took, on average, more puffs (mean = 109.8; SEM = 7.6) than a singleton smoker (mean = 77.7; SEM = 8.1) and a shorter interpuff interval (IPI; dyad mean = 23.8 seconds; SEM = 1.9; singleton mean = 40.8 seconds; SEM = 4.8). Higher concentrations of several toxicants were observed in dyad-produced smoke. DISCUSSION: Dyad smoking may increase smoke toxicant content, likely due to the dyad's shorter IPIs and greater puff number. More work is needed to understand if group waterpipe smoking alters the health risks of waterpipe tobacco smoking. IMPLICATIONS: This study is the first to measure toxicants in smoke generated from a waterpipe when used by a dyad. Relative to smoke generated by a singleton, dyad smoke had higher concentration of some toxicants. These differences may be attributed to differences in puffing behavior, specifically the shorter IPI and greater puff number observed in the dyad condition. Relative to singleton smokers, dyad smokers were exposed to less CO, but nicotine exposure did not differ. More work is needed to assess the health effects of inhalation of more toxicant-laden smoke during group waterpipe use. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher . Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Data Source Authors Ramoa,C.P., Shihadeh,A., Salman,R., Eissenberg,T. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20151211 PMCID Editors
Geographic Proximity of Waterpipe Smoking Establishments to Colleges in the U.S	2016	Department of Health Services Research, Management and Policy, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.; Department of Health Outcomes and Policy, Institute for Child Health Policy, University of Florid	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full American Journal of Preventive Medicine Periodical, Abbrev. Am.J.Prev.Med. Pub Date Free Form Jan Volume 50 Issue 1 Start Page e9 Other Pages e14 Notes LR: 20160406; CI: Copyright (c) 2016; GR: R01 DA035160/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; JID: 8704773; NIHMS721380; OID: NLM: NIHMS721380 [Available on 01/01/17]; OID: NLM: PMC4821570 [Available on 01/01/17]; PMCR: 2017/01/01 00:00; 2015/03/26 [received]; 20 Place of Publication Netherlands ISSN/ISBN 1873-2607; 0749-3797 Accession Number PMID: 26346294 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.amepre.2015.07.006 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26346294 Abstract INTRODUCTION: Waterpipe tobacco smoking is prevalent among college students in the U.S. and increasing in popularity. Waterpipe smoking establishments are almost completely unregulated, and limited information exists documenting the expansion of this industry. The objective of this study was to identify U.S.-based waterpipe establishments and measure their proximity to colleges/universities. METHODS: Waterpipe establishments and their addresses were compiled using five Internet-based directories during 2014 and analyzed in 2015. Addresses were geocoded and overlaid on a U.S. map of accredited colleges/universities. Proximity of colleges/universities to the nearest waterpipe establishment was measured in 3-mile increments. Multinomial logistic regression was used to model the factors associated with proximity of waterpipe establishments to colleges/universities. RESULTS: A total of 1,690 waterpipe establishments and 1,454 colleges/universities were included in the study. Overall, 554 colleges/universities (38.1%) were within 3 miles of a waterpipe establishment. Proximity of waterpipe establishments to colleges/universities was associated with higher full-time student enrollment. Public colleges/universities and those with a smoke-free campus policy were at lower odds of having waterpipe establishments within 3 miles of their campuses. CONCLUSIONS: Waterpipe smoking establishments are more likely to be located near large colleges/universities. This study should inform initiatives aimed at reducing retail tobacco establishment exemptions. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher American Journal of Preventive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc Data Source Authors Kates,F.R., Salloum,R.G., Thrasher,J.F., Islam,F., Fleischer,N.L., Maziak,W. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150904 PMCID PMC4821570 Editors
Health care providers' adherence to tobacco treatment for waterpipe, cigarette and dual users in Vietnam	2016	Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address: donna.shelley@nyumc.org.; Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.; Institute of Social and	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Addictive Behaviors Periodical, Abbrev. Addict.Behav. Pub Date Free Form 10-Aug Volume 64 Issue Start Page 49 Other Pages 53 Notes LR: 20160820; CI: Copyright (c) 2016; JID: 7603486; OTO: NOTNLM; 2016/03/18 [received]; 2016/08/07 [revised]; 2016/08/09 [accepted]; aheadofprint Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 1873-6327; 0306-4603 Accession Number PMID: 27543834 Language ENG SubFile JOURNAL ARTICLE DOI S0306-4603(16)30281-7 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 27543834 Abstract BACKGROUND: Almost half of adult men in Vietnam are current cigarette smokers. Recent surveys also suggest a high prevalence of water pipe use, particularly in rural areas. Yet services to treat tobacco dependence are not readily available. The purpose of this study was to characterize current tobacco use treatment patterns among Vietnamese health care providers and factors influencing adherence to recommended guidelines for tobacco use screening and cessation interventions for water pipe, cigarette and dual users. METHODS: We conducted cross sectional surveys of 929 male current tobacco users immediately after they completed a primary care visit at one of 18 community health centers. RESULTS: Thirty-four percent of smokers used cigarettes only, 24% water pipe only, and 42% were dual users. Overall 12% of patients reported that a provider asked them if they used tobacco products during the visit. Providers were significantly more likely to screen cigarette smokers compared with water pipe or dual users (16%, 9% and 11% respectively). Similarly, 9% of current cigarette smokers received advice to quit compared to 6% of water pipe and 5% of dual users. No patients reported that their health care provider offered them assistance to quit (e.g., self-help materials, referral). CONCLUSION: Despite ratifying the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, Vietnam has not made progress in implementing policies and systems to ensure smokers are receiving evidence-based treatment. High rates of water pipe and dual use indicate a need for health care provider training and policy changes to facilitate treatment for both cigarette and water pipe use. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Data Source Authors Shelley,D., Kumar,P., Lee,L., Nguyen,L., Nguyen,T.T., VanDevanter,N., Cleland,C.M., Nguyen,N.T. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20160810 PMCID Editors
Molecular Characterization of Plasmids Encoding CTX-M beta-Lactamases and their Associated Addiction Systems Circulating Among Escherichia coli from Retail Chickens, Chicken Farms, and Slaughterhouses in Korea	2016	Laboratory of Food Safety and Evaluation, Department of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea.; Laboratory of Food Safety and Evaluation, Department of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Periodical, Abbrev. J.Microbiol.Biotechnol. Pub Date Free Form Feb Volume 26 Issue 2 Start Page 270 Other Pages 276 Notes JID: 9431852; OTO: NOTNLM; ppublish Place of Publication Korea (South) ISSN/ISBN 1738-8872; 1017-7825 Accession Number PMID: 26562691 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.4014/jmb.1507.07048 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26562691 Abstract Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs), particularly those of the CTX-M types, are the predominant resistance determinants of Escherichia coli that are rapidly spreading worldwide. To determine CTX-M types, E. coli isolates were collected from retail chickens (n = 390) and environmental samples from chicken farms (n = 32) and slaughterhouses (n = 67) in Korea. Fifteen strains harboring blaCTX-M genes were isolated from 358 E. coli isolates. The most common CTX-M type was eight of CTX-M-15, followed by six of CTX-M-1 and one of CTX-M- 14. The blaCTX-M genes were identified in the isolates from retail chickens (n = 9), followed by feces, water pipes, floors, and walls. Conjugations confirmed the transferability of the plasmids carrying blaCTX-M genes to the recipient E. coli J53 strain. Furthermore, eight addiction systems carried by the replicons in CTX-M types were confirmed. The dominant system was identified as ccdAB, vagCD, and pndAC in donor strains and transconjugants. The clonal relationship between the two strains carrying blaCTX-M genes indicates that E. coli may transmit from the farm to retail chickens, suggesting a possible public health risk. Our findings demonstrate that the detection of CTX-M types in E. coli isolates is important for tracking ESBL production in animals, and suggest linkage of multiple addiction systems in plasmids bearing blaCTX-M genes. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Jo,S.J., Woo,G.J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Hookah addiction among adolescents of five major cities in Central India	2016		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health Periodical, Abbrev. Int.J.Adolesc.Med.Health Pub Date Free Form 19-Aug Volume Issue Start Page Other Pages Notes LR: 20160819; JID: 8506960; 2016/02/29 [received]; 2016/07/13 [accepted]; aheadofprint Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0334-0139; 0334-0139 Accession Number PMID: 27542196 Language ENG SubFile JOURNAL ARTICLE DOI 10.1515/ijamh-2016-0025 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 27542196 Abstract INTRODUCTION: Hookah use among the Indian adolescents is on the rise without them being aware of its tobacco content. This prevalence study highlights the issues associated with hookah use among high school students of five cities of Central India. METHOD: A study among 3500 students of high schools was undertaken to estimate the prevalence of hookah users and its associated factors including initiation/cessation, patterns, perceptions and behavior. Responses were received from 225 hookah users. RESULTS: The prevalence of hookah users in the present study was found to be 6.4% (225). Most of the subjects first learned about hookah use from friends (64.5%) and smoked hookah in hookah lounges (90.7%). Generally, the adolescents were aware of various lounges in their locality. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that the use of hookahs is attracting adolescents at a very early age and is attributed to the presence of hookah lounges in various cities of Central India. Hence, the legality of hookah lounges in India should be reconsidered. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Khandelwal,V., Nayak,U.A., Nayak,P.A., Iyer,S.S., Bafna,Y. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20160819 PMCID Editors
A Qualitative Evidence of the Breeding Sites of Anopheles arabiensis Patton (Diptera: Culicidae) in and Around Kassala Town, Eastern Sudan	2016	Department of Biology, Faculty of Education, University of Kassala, Kassala State, Sudan.; Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full International journal of insect science Periodical, Abbrev. Int.J.Insect Sci. Pub Date Free Form 11-Aug Volume 8 Issue Start Page 65 Other Pages 70 Notes JID: 101668982; OTO: NOTNLM; 2016 [ecollection]; 2016/05/02 [received]; 2016/07/14 [revised]; 2016/07/16 [accepted]; 2016/08/11 [epublish]; epublish Place of Publication New Zealand ISSN/ISBN 1179-5433; 1179-5433 Accession Number PMID: 27547039 Language eng SubFile Journal Article DOI 10.4137/IJIS.S40071 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 27547039 Abstract Anopheles arabiensis Patton (Diptera: Culicidae) is considered the most efficient malaria vector in eastern Sudan. This study aims to characterize the breeding sites of An. arabiensis throughout the year in and around Kassala town, eastern Sudan. Diverse larval habitat types were visited and characterized based on the habitat type and chemical composition. Mosquito larvae were found in many diverse habitats. During the rainy season, rain pools and water bodies created by the seasonal Gash River serve as the main breeding sites. In the dry season, irrigation canals, seepage from water pipes, neglected wells, artificial containers, and man-made ditches serve as the main breeding sites. Breeding water showed a pH of 7.9 and a low concentration of the total dissolved salts. The results of this study may be considered in planning and implementing larval control programs in the area. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Hamza,A.M., El Rayah el,A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20160811 PMCID PMC4982522 Editors
Toward a Regulatory Framework for the Waterpipe	2016	Ramzi G. Salloum is with the Department of Health Outcomes and Policy and the Institute for Child Health Policy, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville. Taghrid Asfar is with the Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Mi	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full American Journal of Public Health Periodical, Abbrev. Am.J.Public Health Pub Date Free Form 23-Aug Volume Issue Start Page e1 Other Pages e5 Notes LR: 20160823; JID: 1254074; aheadofprint; SO: Am J Public Health. 2016 Aug 23:e1-e5. Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 1541-0048; 0090-0036 Accession Number PMID: 27552262 Language ENG SubFile JOURNAL ARTICLE DOI 10.2105/AJPH.2016.303322 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 27552262 Abstract Waterpipe smoking has been dramatically increasing among youth worldwide and in the United States. Despite its general association with misperceptions of reduced harm, evidence suggests this is a harmful and dependence-inducing tobacco use method that represents a threat to public health. Waterpipe products continue to be generally unregulated, which likely has contributed to their spread. The Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act of 2009 granted the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) the authority to regulate waterpipe products, and the FDA finalized a rule extending its authority over waterpipe products in May 2016. This critical step in addressing the alarming increase in waterpipe smoking in the United States has created urgency for research to provide the evidence needed for effective regulatory initiatives for waterpipe products. We aim to stimulate such research by providing a framework that addresses the scope of waterpipe products and their unique context and use patterns. The proposed framework identifies regulatory targets for waterpipe product components (i.e., tobacco, charcoal, and device), the waterpipe cafe setting, and its marketing environment dominated by Internet promotion. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print August 23, 2016: e1-e5. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2016.303322). Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Salloum,R.G., Asfar,T., Maziak,W. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20160823 PMCID Editors
How Health Risks Are Pinpointed (or Not) on Social Media: The Portrayal of Waterpipe Smoking on Pinterest	2016	a Department of Social and Behavioral Health , Virginia Commonwealth University.; b Grady College of Journalism and Mass Communication , University of Georgia.; c College of Nursing , University of Florida.; d Richard T. Robertson School of Media & Cultur	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Health communication Periodical, Abbrev. Health Commun. Pub Date Free Form Volume 31 Issue 6 Start Page 659 Other Pages 667 Notes JID: 8908762; 2015/10/29 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1532-7027; 1041-0236 Accession Number PMID: 26512916 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1080/10410236.2014.987468 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26512916 Abstract Waterpipe tobacco is among the most rapidly growing trends in tobacco smoking, the growing use and acceptance of which are taking place at a time when cigarette smoking is regarded in an increasingly negative manner (Martinasek, McDermott, & Martini, 2011). Given the health risks and the misperceptions associated with waterpipe smoking, this study focuses on how waterpipe smoking is portrayed and represented on the social media platform Pinterest. In total, 800 Pinterest pins were content analyzed. The vast majority of the sampled pins were primarily image based. More than half of the pins linked to a website external to Pinterest that often redirected the pinner to a commercial website. Waterpipe-focused pins portrayed waterpipe smoking more in a positive light than in a negative light, and conveyed a sense of pleasure, aesthetic, and relaxation, which tended to trigger more repins, likes, and higher levels of engagement. Overall, the risks of waterpipe smoking were not represented on Pinterest, indicating that the social media portrayal of waterpipe smoking needs improvement and could benefit from a public health perspective. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Guidry,J., Jin,Y., Haddad,L., Zhang,Y., Smith,J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20151029 PMCID Editors
Efficacy of a Brief Tobacco Intervention for Tobacco and Nicotine Containing Product Use in the US Air Force	2016	Center for Population Sciences, Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN; mlittl18@uthsc.edu.; Center for Population Sciences, Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science C	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form May Volume 18 Issue 5 Start Page 1142 Other Pages 1149 Notes CI: (c) The Author 2015; JID: 9815751; 2015/06/09 [received]; 2015/10/18 [accepted]; 2015/10/27 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1469-994X; 1462-2203 Accession Number PMID: 26508394 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.; IM DOI 10.1093/ntr/ntv242 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26508394 Abstract INTRODUCTION: While effective Brief Tobacco Interventions (BTIs) are available for cigarette smoking and smokeless tobacco, given the changing prevalence of tobacco and nicotine containing products (TNCPs), there is a need for interventions targeting a broader range of TNCPs (eg, cigarettes, smokeless tobacco, electronic cigarettes, and hookah). The purpose of the current investigation was to evaluate the efficacy of a BTI, a 40-minute intervention designed to intervene on four TNCPs in a sample of US military personnel during an 11-week period of involuntary tobacco abstinence, for reducing intentions to use TNCPs and increasing perceptions of harm of TNCPs. METHODS: The BTI was administered to 1055 Airmen enrolled in Technical Training in the US Air Force. Assessments of perceived harm and intentions to use nine TNCPs (cigarettes, smokeless tobacco, snus, cigars, cigarillos, pipe, e-cigarettes, roll your own cigarettes, and hookah), were assessed at pretest and posttest (immediately following the BTI). RESULTS: Significant increases in perceived harm were observed across all nine TNCPs (all P Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher . Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Data Source Authors Little,M.A., Talcott,G.W., Bursac,Z., Linde,B.D., Pagano,L.A., Messler,E.C., Ebbert,J.O., Klesges,R.C. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20151027 PMCID Editors
Behavioral associations with waterpipe tobacco smoking dependence among US young adults	2016	Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, UPMC Montefiore Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.; Center for Research on Media, Technology, and Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Addiction (Abingdon, England) Periodical, Abbrev. Addiction Pub Date Free Form Feb Volume 111 Issue 2 Start Page 351 Other Pages 359 Notes LR: 20160117; CI: (c) 2015; GR: R01 CA140150/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01-CA140150/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; JID: 9304118; CIN: Addiction. 2016 May;111(5):937-8. PMID: 26987303; CIN: Addiction. 2016 May;111(5):936. PMID: 26841019; NIHMS722601 Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1360-0443; 0965-2140 Accession Number PMID: 26417942 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1111/add.13163 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26417942 Abstract BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Waterpipe tobacco smoking (WTS) is increasingly prevalent in the United States, especially among young adults. We aimed to (1) adapt items from established dependence measures into a WTS dependence scale for US young adults (the US Waterpipe Dependence Scale), (2) determine the factor structure of the items and (3) assess associations between scale values and behavioral use characteristics known to be linked to dependence. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey. SETTING: United States. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 436 past-year waterpipe tobacco users ages 18-30 years selected at random from a national probability-based panel. MEASUREMENTS: Participants responded to six tobacco dependence items adapted for WTS in US populations. Behavioral use characteristics included factors such as frequency of use and age of initiation. FINDINGS: Principal components analysis yielded an unambiguous one-factor solution. Approximately half (52.9%) of past-year waterpipe tobacco users received a score of 0, indicating that none of the six WTS dependence items were endorsed. Approximately one-quarter (25.4%) endorsed one dependence item and 22.7% endorsed two or more items. Higher WTS dependence scores were associated significantly with all five behavioral use characteristics. For example, compared with those who endorsed no dependence items, those who endorsed two or more had an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of 3.90 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.56-9.78] for having had earlier age of initiation and an AOR of 32.75 (95% CI = 9.76-109.86) for more frequent WTS sessions. CONCLUSIONS: Scores on a six-item waterpipe tobacco smoking dependence scale (the US Waterpipe Dependence Scale) correlate with measures that would be expected to be related to dependence, such as amount used and age of initiation. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Society for the Study of Addiction Data Source Authors Sidani,J.E., Shensa,A., Shiffman,S., Switzer,G.E., Primack,B.A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20151029 PMCID PMC4715762 Editors

E-mail